ELECTRIC ENERGY GENERATION, UTILISATION AND CONSERVATION TWO MARKS
ELECTRIC ENERGY GENERATION, UTILISATION AND CONSERVATION TWO MARKS
UNIT
- I
TWO
MARKS
1.
List out the advantages of nuclear power station over thermal power station
The
amount of fuel required is very small There is no problem of transportation and
storage
Less
space is required Most economical
2.
Name the sub system of solar power plant.
Solar
energy collection system Thermal energy transfer system Thermal energy storage
system
Energy
conversion system
3.
Indicate the difficulties in using geo thermal energy
Overall
efficiency of power production is low Drilling operation is noisy Large areas
are needed for exploitation of geo thermal energy
4.
State the advantages of interconnected operation of power system
Increased
reliability of supply: in the event of power failure at one station the supply
can be fed from other station Reduction in total installed capacity Spinning
reserve is reduced
5.
State the advantage of MHD
Conversion
efficiency is around 50% The closed cycle supply produces power,free of
pollution
It
has no moving parts,so more reliable
6.
What are the major components of nuclear power?
Nuclear
reactor Heat exchanger Steam turbine Alternator
7.
State the principle of DG power plant.
The
diesel burns inside the DG and the product of this combustion act as
the
fluid to produce the mechanical energy.
8.
What are the classifications of wind energy conversion?
Horizontal
axis wind mill Vertical axis wind mill
9.
Define distributed generation.
It
can be defined as the integrated use of small generation units directly connected
to the distribution supply or inside the facilities of a customer
10.
What are the effects of system operation?
Distributed
generation The small scale production of electricity It has the potential to
improve the reliability of the power supply Cost of electricity is reducedLower
emission of air pollutants
11.
What are the parameters characterisisng solar concentrators?
The
aperture area The acceptance angle The absorber area Geometrical concentration
ratio
The
optical efficiency The thermal efficiency
12.
What are the advantages of solar concentrator?
Improved
thermal efficiency due to reduced heat loss area Increased energy delivery
temperature,facilitating their dynamic match between temperature level and the
task
Increased
number of thermal storage options at elevated temperatures, thereby reducing
the storage cost.
13.
Name the components of flat plate collector.
An
absorber plate(metallic or plastic) Tubes or pipes for conducting or directing
the heat transfer fluid One or more covers Insulation to minimize the downward
heat loss from the absorbing plate
14.
What are the important factors governing the selection of site for conventional
sources?
Location
of dam
Choice
of dam
Quantity
of water available
Accessibility
of site
15.
What are the classifications based on plant capacity in hydro plants?
Micro
hydel plant : less than 5 MW
Medium
capacity palnt : 5 to 100 MW
High
capacity plant : 101 MW to 1000 MW
Super
capacity plant : above 1000 MW
16.
What are the classifications of turbine?
Francis
turbine , patened by francis in 1849 pelton turbine , patened by Pelton in 1889
Propeller
and Kaplan turbine , patened by Kaplan in 1913 Deraiz turbine ,patened by
Deraiz in 1945
17.
Define surge tank.
Surge
tanks are tanks connected to the water conductor system. It serves the purpose
of reducing water hammering in pipes which can cause damage to pipes. The
sudden surges of water in penstock are taken by the surge tank, and when the water
requirements increase, it supplies the collected water thereby regulating water
flow and pressure inside the penstock.
18.
What is the General Layout of Thermal Power Plant?
The
general layout of thermal power plant consists of mainly four circuits as
shown
in [1]. The four circuits are Coal and Ash circuit Air and Gas circuit Feed
Water and Steam circuit Cooling Water circuit
19.
What are the Types of Air Heaters and give a brief introduction.
Tubular
Air Heater:
The
flue gas flows outside the tubes in which the air flows heating it. To increase
the time of contact horizontal baffles are provided.
Plate
Type Air Heater:
It
consists of rectangular flat plates spaced 1.5 to 2 cm apart leaving alternate
air and gas passages. This is not used extensively as it involves high
maintenance.
20.
Define Economizer:
The
economizer is a feed water heater, deriving heat from the flue gases. The
justifiable
cost of the economizer depends on the total gain in efficiency. In turn this
depends
on the flue gas temperature leaving the boiler and the feed water inlet temperature.
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